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more work on xml chapter

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Mark Pilgrim
2009-05-20 22:28:26 -04:00
parent bbbbe0bde4
commit 45f3effa97
1 changed files with 97 additions and 64 deletions
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@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ mark{display:inline}
<p>At the top level is the <i>root element</i>, which every Atom feed shares: the <code>feed</code> element in the <code>http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom</code> namespace.
<pre class=nd><code>
<pre><code>
<a>&lt;feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" <span>&#x2460;</span></a>
<a> xml:lang="en"> <span>&#x2461;</span></a></code></pre>
<ol>
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ mark{display:inline}
<p>An Atom feed contains several pieces of information about the feed itself. These are declared as children of the root-level <code>feed</code> element.
<pre class=nd><code>&lt;feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en">
<pre><code>&lt;feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en">
<a> &lt;title>dive into mark&lt;/title> <span>&#x2460;</span></a>
<a> &lt;subtitle>currently between addictions&lt;/subtitle> <span>&#x2461;</span></a>
<a> &lt;id>tag:diveintomark.org,2001-07-29:/&lt;/id> <span>&#x2462;</span></a>
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ mark{display:inline}
<p>After the feed-level metadata is the list of the most recent articles. An article looks like this:
<pre class=nd><code>&lt;entry>
<pre><code>&lt;entry>
<a> &lt;author> <span>&#x2460;</span></a>
&lt;name>Mark&lt;/name>
&lt;uri>http://diveintomark.org/&lt;/uri>
@@ -325,62 +325,96 @@ mark{display:inline}
<p>FIXME
<pre class=screen>
>>> tree.findall("{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry")
[&lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b4e0>, &lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b510>, &lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b540>]
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>import xml.etree.ElementTree as etree</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>tree = etree.parse("examples/feed.xml")</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>tree.findall("{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry")</kbd>
<samp>[&lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b4e0>,
&lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b510>,
&lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b540>]</samp></pre>
>>> feed_links = tree.findall("{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link")
>>> feed_links
[&lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at e181b0>, &lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at e2b4b0>]
>>> feed_links[0].attrib
{'href': 'http://diveintomark.org/', 'type': 'text/html', 'rel': 'alternate'}
>>> feed_links[1].attrib
{'href': 'http://diveintomark.org/feed/', 'type': 'application/atom+xml', 'rel': 'self'}
<pre class=screen>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>feed_links = tree.findall("{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link")</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>feed_links</kbd>
<samp>[&lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at e181b0>]</samp>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>feed_links[0].attrib</kbd>
<samp>{'href': 'http://diveintomark.org/',
'type': 'text/html',
'rel': 'alternate'}</samp></pre>
>>> all_links = tree.findall("//{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link")
>>> all_links
[&lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at e181b0>, &lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at e2b4b0>, &lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at e2b570>, &lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at e2b480>, &lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at e2b5a0>]
>>> all_links[0].attrib
{'href': 'http://diveintomark.org/', 'type': 'text/html', 'rel': 'alternate'}
>>> all_links[1].attrib
{'href': 'http://diveintomark.org/feed/', 'type': 'application/atom+xml', 'rel': 'self'}
>>> all_links[2].attrib
{'href': 'http://diveintomark.org/archives/2009/03/27/dive-into-history-2009-edition', 'type': 'text/html', 'rel': 'alternate'}
>>> all_links[3].attrib
{'href': 'http://diveintomark.org/archives/2009/03/21/accessibility-is-a-harsh-mistress', 'type': 'text/html', 'rel': 'alternate'}
>>> all_links[4].attrib
{'href': 'http://diveintomark.org/archives/2008/12/18/give-part-1-container-formats', 'type': 'text/html', 'rel': 'alternate'}
</pre>
<pre class=screen>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>all_links = tree.findall("//{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link")</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>all_links</kbd>
<samp>[&lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at e181b0>,
&lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at e2b570>,
&lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at e2b480>,
&lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at e2b5a0>]</samp>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>all_links[0].attrib</kbd>
<samp>{'href': 'http://diveintomark.org/',
'type': 'text/html',
'rel': 'alternate'}</samp>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>all_links[1].attrib</kbd>
<samp>{'href': 'http://diveintomark.org/archives/2009/03/27/dive-into-history-2009-edition',
'type': 'text/html',
'rel': 'alternate'}</samp>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>all_links[2].attrib</kbd>
<samp>{'href': 'http://diveintomark.org/archives/2009/03/21/accessibility-is-a-harsh-mistress',
'type': 'text/html',
'rel': 'alternate'}</samp>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>all_links[3].attrib</kbd>
<samp>{'href': 'http://diveintomark.org/archives/2008/12/18/give-part-1-container-formats',
'type': 'text/html',
'rel': 'alternate'}</samp></pre>
<h2 id=xml-lxml>Going Further With lxml</h2>
<p>FIXME
<pre class=screen>
>>> from lxml import etree
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>from lxml import etree</kbd>
.
. FIXME (show how it's a drop-in replacement for everything we've done so far)
.
from here on out, use lxml.etree explicitly because these functions are specific to lxml
>>> import lxml.etree
>>> nsmap = {"atom": "http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"}
>>> tree = lxml.etree.parse("examples/feed.xml")
>>> entries = tree.xpath("//atom:category[@term='accessibility']/..", namespaces=nsmap)
>>> entries
[&lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b630>]
>>> entry = entries[0]
>>> entry.xpath("./atom:title/text()", namespaces=nsmap)
['Accessibility is a harsh mistress']
</pre>
<p>FIXME: from here on out, we use lxml.etree explicitly because these functions are specific to lxml
<pre class=screen>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>import lxml.etree</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>tree = lxml.etree.parse("examples/feed.xml")</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>it = tree.iterfind("//{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link")</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>next(it)</kbd>
&lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at 122f1b0>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>next(it)</kbd>
&lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at 122f1e0>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>next(it)</kbd>
&lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at 122f210>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>next(it)</kbd>
&lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at 122f1b0>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>next(it)</kbd>
<samp class=traceback>Traceback (most recent call last):
File "&lt;stdin>", line 1, in &lt;module>
StopIteration</samp></pre>
<pre class=screen>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>NSMAP = {"atom": "http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"}</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>entries = tree.xpath("//atom:category[@term='accessibility']/..", namespaces=NSMAP)</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>entries</kbd>
<samp>[&lt;Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b630>]</samp>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>entry = entries[0]</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>entry.xpath("./atom:title/text()", namespaces=nsmap)</kbd>
<samp>['Accessibility is a harsh mistress']</samp></pre>
<h3 id=xml-custom-parser>Customizing Your XML Parser</h3>
<p>FIXME
<pre class=screen>
>>> import lxml.etree
>>> parser = lxml.etree.XMLParser(no_network=True, ns_clean=True, recover=True, remove_blank_text=True, remove_comments=True)
>>> tree = lxml.etree.parse("examples/feed.xml", parser)
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>import lxml.etree</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>parser = lxml.etree.XMLParser(no_network=True, ns_clean=True, recover=True, remove_blank_text=True, remove_comments=True)</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>tree = lxml.etree.parse("examples/feed.xml", parser)</kbd>
.
.
.
</pre>
<h3 id=xml-incremental>Incremental Parsing</h3>
@@ -392,38 +426,37 @@ from here on out, use lxml.etree explicitly because these functions are specific
<p>FIXME
<pre class=screen>
>>> import lxml.etree
>>> new_feed = lxml.etree.Element("{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}feed", attrib={"{http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace}lang": "en"})
>>> print(lxml.etree.tounicode(new_feed))
&lt;ns0:feed xmlns:ns0="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en"/>
</pre>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>import xml.etree.ElementTree as etree</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>new_feed = etree.Element("{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}feed",</kbd>
<samp class=p>... </samp><kbd> attrib={"{http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace}lang": "en"})</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>print(etree.tostring(new_feed))</kbd>
<samp>&lt;ns0:feed xmlns:ns0="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en"/></samp></pre>
<p>FIXME
<pre class=screen>
>>> import lxml.etree
>>> new_feed = lxml.etree.Element("feed", nsmap=NSMAP)
>>> print(lxml.etree.tounicode(new_feed))
&lt;feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"/>
>>> new_feed.set("{http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace}lang", "en")
>>> print(lxml.etree.tounicode(new_feed))
&lt;feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en"/>
</pre>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>import lxml.etree</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>NSMAP = {"atom": "http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"}</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>new_feed = lxml.etree.Element("feed", nsmap=NSMAP)</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>print(lxml.etree.tounicode(new_feed))</kbd>
<samp>&lt;feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom"/></samp>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>new_feed.set("{http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace}lang", "en")</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>print(lxml.etree.tounicode(new_feed))</kbd>
<samp>&lt;feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en"/></samp></pre>
<p>FIXME
<pre class=screen>
>>> title = lxml.etree.SubElement(new_feed, "title", attrib={"type":"html"})
>>> print(lxml.etree.tounicode(new_feed))
&lt;feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en">&lt;title type="html"/>&lt;/feed>
>>> title.text = "dive into mark"
>>> print(lxml.etree.tounicode(new_feed))
&lt;feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en">&lt;title type="html">dive into mark&lt;/title>&lt;/feed>
>>> print(lxml.etree.tounicode(new_feed, pretty_print=True))
&lt;feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en">
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>title = lxml.etree.SubElement(new_feed, "title", attrib={"type":"html"})</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>print(lxml.etree.tounicode(new_feed))</kbd>
<samp>&lt;feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en">&lt;title type="html"/>&lt;/feed></samp>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>title.text = "dive into mark"</kbd>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>print(lxml.etree.tounicode(new_feed))</kbd>
<samp>&lt;feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en">&lt;title type="html">dive into mark&lt;/title>&lt;/feed></samp>
<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd>print(lxml.etree.tounicode(new_feed, pretty_print=True))</kbd>
<samp>&lt;feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" xml:lang="en">
&lt;title type="html">dive into mark&lt;/title>
&lt;/feed>
</pre>
&lt;/feed></samp></pre>
<h2 id=furtherreading>Further Reading</h2>