kjvstudy.org/kjvstudy_org/data/word_studies.json

{
  "god": {
    "ot_term": "אֱלֹהִים",
    "ot_transliteration": "Elohim",
    "ot_meaning": "God (plural of majesty)",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>Elohim</strong> (אֱלֹהִים) is a plural form denoting majesty and fullness of deity. Though grammatically plural, it takes singular verbs when referring to the one true God, suggesting the Trinity's plurality within unity.",
    "nt_term": "Θεός",
    "nt_transliteration": "Theos",
    "nt_meaning": "God",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>Theos</strong> (Θεός) refers to deity, used both for the one true God and false gods. Context determines whether it denotes the Father specifically or the Godhead generally."
  },
  "lord": {
    "ot_term": "יְהוָה / אֲדֹנָי",
    "ot_transliteration": "YHWH / Adonai",
    "ot_meaning": "The LORD / Lord",
    "ot_note": "When 'LORD' appears in small capitals, it represents the Tetragrammaton <strong>YHWH</strong> (יְהוָה), God's personal covenant name meaning 'I AM.' When 'Lord' appears normally, it's <strong>Adonai</strong> (אֲדֹנָי), meaning 'my Lord,' emphasizing sovereignty.",
    "nt_term": "Κύριος",
    "nt_transliteration": "Kurios",
    "nt_meaning": "Lord, Master",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>Kurios</strong> (Κύριος) means 'lord' or 'master,' used both for human masters and divinely for God the Father and Jesus Christ. Its application to Jesus affirms His deity, as it translates YHWH in the Septuagint."
  },
  "love": {
    "ot_term": "אַהֲבָה / חֶסֶד",
    "ot_transliteration": "Ahavah / Chesed",
    "ot_meaning": "Love / Loyal-love",
    "ot_note": "Hebrew uses <strong>ahavah</strong> (אַהֲבָה) for love generally, but the covenant term <strong>chesed</strong> (חֶסֶד) describes God's steadfast, loyal love—faithful covenant commitment beyond mere emotion.",
    "nt_term": "ἀγάπη",
    "nt_transliteration": "Agape",
    "nt_meaning": "Divine love",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>agape</strong> (ἀγάπη) denotes self-sacrificial, unconditional love—the highest form of love, characterizing God's nature (1 John 4:8) and the love Christians are called to demonstrate."
  },
  "faith": {
    "ot_term": "אֱמוּנָה",
    "ot_transliteration": "Emunah",
    "ot_meaning": "Faithfulness, trust",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>emunah</strong> (אֱמוּנָה) encompasses both faith and faithfulness—trusting God and being trustworthy. It implies steadfast reliability, as in 'The just shall live by his faith' (Habakkuk 2:4).",
    "nt_term": "πίστις",
    "nt_transliteration": "Pistis",
    "nt_meaning": "Faith, belief, trust",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>pistis</strong> (πίστις) denotes faith, belief, or trust—confidence in God's character and promises. It's both intellectual assent and relational trust, central to justification (Romans 5:1)."
  },
  "grace": {
    "ot_term": "חֵן",
    "ot_transliteration": "Chen",
    "ot_meaning": "Grace, favor",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>chen</strong> (חֵן) means grace or favor—unmerited kindness bestowed by a superior. Noah 'found grace in the eyes of the LORD' (Genesis 6:8), receiving undeserved favor.",
    "nt_term": "χάρις",
    "nt_transliteration": "Charis",
    "nt_meaning": "Grace, favor",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>charis</strong> (χάρις) denotes unmerited divine favor—God's kindness toward the undeserving. Salvation is 'by grace through faith' (Ephesians 2:8), not human merit."
  },
  "mercy": {
    "ot_term": "רַחֲמִים",
    "ot_transliteration": "Rachamim",
    "ot_meaning": "Compassion, mercy",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>rachamim</strong> (רַחֲמִים) derives from 'womb' (<em>rechem</em>), suggesting tender, maternal compassion. God's mercies are 'new every morning' (Lamentations 3:23), showing His compassionate nature.",
    "nt_term": "ἔλεος",
    "nt_transliteration": "Eleos",
    "nt_meaning": "Mercy, compassion",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>eleos</strong> (ἔλεος) denotes compassionate mercy—pity for those in distress. God is 'rich in mercy' (Ephesians 2:4), withholding deserved punishment and granting undeserved kindness."
  },
  "righteous": {
    "ot_term": "צַדִּיק",
    "ot_transliteration": "Tzaddik",
    "ot_meaning": "Righteous one",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>tzaddik</strong> (צַדִּיק) describes one who is righteous, just, or lawful—conforming to God's standard. From the root <em>tzedek</em> (צֶדֶק), meaning righteousness or justice.",
    "nt_term": "δίκαιος",
    "nt_transliteration": "Dikaios",
    "nt_meaning": "Righteous, just",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>dikaios</strong> (δίκαιος) means righteous or just—conforming to God's standard. Christ's righteousness is imputed to believers through faith (Romans 4:5), making them legally righteous before God."
  },
  "salvation": {
    "ot_term": "יְשׁוּעָה",
    "ot_transliteration": "Yeshuah",
    "ot_meaning": "Salvation, deliverance",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>yeshuah</strong> (יְשׁוּעָה) means salvation or deliverance—rescue from danger or enemies. This is the root of 'Jesus' (<em>Yeshua</em>), meaning 'YHWH saves.'",
    "nt_term": "σωτηρία",
    "nt_transliteration": "Soteria",
    "nt_meaning": "Salvation, deliverance",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>soteria</strong> (σωτηρία) denotes salvation, deliverance, or preservation—rescue from sin's penalty and power. It encompasses justification, sanctification, and glorification."
  },
  "redeem": {
    "ot_term": "גָּאַל",
    "ot_transliteration": "Gaal",
    "ot_meaning": "To redeem, act as kinsman-redeemer",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>gaal</strong> (גָּאַל) means to redeem or act as kinsman-redeemer (<em>go'el</em>)—buying back family property or relatives. It foreshadows Christ redeeming His people through His blood.",
    "nt_term": "λυτρόω",
    "nt_transliteration": "Lutroo",
    "nt_meaning": "To redeem, ransom",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>lutroo</strong> (λυτρόω) means to redeem or ransom—purchasing freedom by paying a price. Christ redeemed us 'with the precious blood' (1 Peter 1:18-19), the ransom for sin."
  },
  "covenant": {
    "ot_term": "בְּרִית",
    "ot_transliteration": "Berit",
    "ot_meaning": "Covenant, treaty",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>berit</strong> (בְּרִית) denotes a covenant—a binding agreement, often ratified by blood sacrifice. God's covenants (Abrahamic, Mosaic, Davidic) structure redemptive history, culminating in the New Covenant.",
    "nt_term": "διαθήκη",
    "nt_transliteration": "Diatheke",
    "nt_meaning": "Covenant, testament",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>diatheke</strong> (διαθήκη) means covenant or testament—a binding arrangement. The New Covenant (Jeremiah 31:31-34) is ratified by Christ's blood, surpassing the old (Hebrews 8:6-13)."
  },
  "glory": {
    "ot_term": "כָּבוֹד",
    "ot_transliteration": "Kavod",
    "ot_meaning": "Glory, weight, honor",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>kavod</strong> (כָּבוֹד) literally means 'weight' or 'heaviness,' metaphorically denoting glory, honor, or majesty. God's glory (<em>Shekinah</em>) filled the tabernacle (Exodus 40:34) and temple (1 Kings 8:11).",
    "nt_term": "δόξα",
    "nt_transliteration": "Doxa",
    "nt_meaning": "Glory, majesty, splendor",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>doxa</strong> (δόξα) means glory, splendor, or magnificence—the radiant manifestation of God's perfection. Christ revealed the Father's glory: 'we beheld his glory' (John 1:14)."
  },
  "holy": {
    "ot_term": "קָדוֹשׁ",
    "ot_transliteration": "Qadosh",
    "ot_meaning": "Holy, set apart",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>qadosh</strong> (קָדוֹשׁ) means holy or set apart—separated from common use for God's purposes. God is 'the Holy One of Israel,' utterly distinct from creation in moral perfection.",
    "nt_term": "ἅγιος",
    "nt_transliteration": "Hagios",
    "nt_meaning": "Holy, sacred, set apart",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>hagios</strong> (ἅγιος) denotes holiness—moral purity and separation unto God. Believers are called 'saints' (<em>hagioi</em>), those set apart for God through Christ's sanctifying work."
  },
  "peace": {
    "ot_term": "שָׁלוֹם",
    "ot_transliteration": "Shalom",
    "ot_meaning": "Peace, wholeness, prosperity",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>shalom</strong> (שָׁלוֹם) encompasses peace, wholeness, completeness, and welfare—not merely absence of conflict but positive flourishing. God is <em>Jehovah-Shalom</em>, 'the LORD is Peace' (Judges 6:24).",
    "nt_term": "εἰρήνη",
    "nt_transliteration": "Eirene",
    "nt_meaning": "Peace, harmony",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>eirene</strong> (εἰρήνη) means peace or harmony—both the inner tranquility of reconciliation with God and relational harmony. Christ is 'our peace' (Ephesians 2:14), reconciling us to God."
  },
  "spirit": {
    "ot_term": "רוּחַ",
    "ot_transliteration": "Ruach",
    "ot_meaning": "Spirit, wind, breath",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>ruach</strong> (רוּחַ) means spirit, wind, or breath—invisible but powerful. It describes both the Holy Spirit and the human spirit. God's Spirit gives life and empowers His people.",
    "nt_term": "πνεῦμα",
    "nt_transliteration": "Pneuma",
    "nt_meaning": "Spirit, wind, breath",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>pneuma</strong> (πνεῦμα) means spirit, wind, or breath—the immaterial aspect of persons. The Holy Spirit (<em>Pneuma Hagion</em>) is the third person of the Trinity, dwelling in believers."
  },
  "wisdom": {
    "ot_term": "חָכְמָה",
    "ot_transliteration": "Chokhmah",
    "ot_meaning": "Wisdom, skill",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>chokhmah</strong> (חָכְמָה) denotes wisdom—practical skill in living righteously. 'The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom' (Proverbs 9:10), grounding all true knowledge in reverence for God.",
    "nt_term": "σοφία",
    "nt_transliteration": "Sophia",
    "nt_meaning": "Wisdom, insight",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>sophia</strong> (σοφία) means wisdom or insight—skillful living and right judgment. Christ is 'the wisdom of God' (1 Corinthians 1:24), and God gives wisdom liberally to those who ask (James 1:5)."
  },
  "truth": {
    "ot_term": "אֱמֶת",
    "ot_transliteration": "Emet",
    "ot_meaning": "Truth, faithfulness",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>emet</strong> (אֱמֶת) means truth or faithfulness—reliability and conformity to reality. God is true (<em>emet</em>), utterly faithful to His word and character.",
    "nt_term": "ἀλήθεια",
    "nt_transliteration": "Aletheia",
    "nt_meaning": "Truth, reality",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>aletheia</strong> (ἀλήθεια) denotes truth or reality—that which corresponds to actuality. Jesus declared, 'I am the way, the truth, and the life' (John 14:6), embodying ultimate reality."
  },
  "sin": {
    "ot_term": "חַטָּאת",
    "ot_transliteration": "Chatta'ah",
    "ot_meaning": "Sin, missing the mark",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>chatta'ah</strong> (חַטָּאת) means sin—missing the mark of God's standard. It encompasses rebellion, transgression, and falling short of divine holiness.",
    "nt_term": "ἁμαρτία",
    "nt_transliteration": "Hamartia",
    "nt_meaning": "Sin, missing the mark",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>hamartia</strong> (ἁμαρτία) means sin—missing the target of God's perfection. 'All have sinned and fall short of the glory of God' (Romans 3:23), requiring Christ's atoning sacrifice."
  },
  "kingdom": {
    "ot_term": "מַלְכוּת",
    "ot_transliteration": "Malkhut",
    "ot_meaning": "Kingdom, reign, royal power",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>malkhut</strong> (מַלְכוּת) denotes kingdom or royal rule—the realm and reign of a king. God's kingdom represents His sovereign rule over all creation.",
    "nt_term": "βασιλεία",
    "nt_transliteration": "Basileia",
    "nt_meaning": "Kingdom, reign",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>basileia</strong> (βασιλεία) means kingdom—both the realm ruled and the exercise of royal authority. The 'kingdom of God' is central to Jesus' teaching, representing God's saving rule breaking into history."
  },
  "sacrifice": {
    "ot_term": "זֶבַח",
    "ot_transliteration": "Zevach",
    "ot_meaning": "Sacrifice, offering",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>zevach</strong> (זֶבַח) denotes a sacrifice or offering—an animal slaughtered for worship. Old Testament sacrifices foreshadowed Christ, 'the Lamb of God' (John 1:29).",
    "nt_term": "θυσία",
    "nt_transliteration": "Thusia",
    "nt_meaning": "Sacrifice, offering",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>thusia</strong> (θυσία) means sacrifice or offering. Christ offered Himself as the perfect sacrifice 'once for all' (Hebrews 10:10), ending the need for repeated animal sacrifices."
  },
  "word": {
    "ot_term": "דָּבָר",
    "ot_transliteration": "Davar",
    "ot_meaning": "Word, thing, matter",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>davar</strong> (דָּבָר) means word, thing, or matter—God's creative and authoritative speech. 'By the word of the LORD were the heavens made' (Psalm 33:6).",
    "nt_term": "λόγος",
    "nt_transliteration": "Logos",
    "nt_meaning": "Word, reason, message",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>Logos</strong> (Λόγος) means word, reason, or message—the rational principle underlying reality. John identifies Christ as the eternal Logos: 'In the beginning was the Word' (John 1:1)."
  },
  "church": {
    "nt_term": "ἐκκλησία",
    "nt_transliteration": "Ekklesia",
    "nt_meaning": "Assembly, church",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>ekklesia</strong> (ἐκκλησία) means assembly or called-out ones—the gathering of believers. Christ builds His church (Matthew 16:18), the body of Christ comprising all the redeemed."
  },
  "baptize": {
    "nt_term": "βαπτίζω",
    "nt_transliteration": "Baptizo",
    "nt_meaning": "To baptize, immerse",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>baptizo</strong> (βαπτίζω) means to dip, immerse, or baptize. Christian baptism symbolizes identification with Christ's death, burial, and resurrection (Romans 6:3-4)."
  },
  "gospel": {
    "nt_term": "εὐαγγέλιον",
    "nt_transliteration": "Euangelion",
    "nt_meaning": "Good news, gospel",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>euangelion</strong> (εὐαγγέλιον) means good news or gospel—the message of salvation through Christ's death and resurrection. It's 'the power of God unto salvation' (Romans 1:16)."
  },
  "worship": {
    "ot_term": "שָׁחָה",
    "ot_transliteration": "Shachah",
    "ot_meaning": "To bow down, worship",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>shachah</strong> (שָׁחָה) means to bow down or prostrate oneself in worship—physical expression of reverence and submission to God. True worship involves both outward posture and inward devotion.",
    "nt_term": "προσκυνέω",
    "nt_transliteration": "Proskuneo",
    "nt_meaning": "To worship, bow down",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>proskuneo</strong> (προσκυνέω) means to worship or pay homage—literally 'to kiss toward.' Jesus taught that true worshipers must worship 'in spirit and in truth' (John 4:24)."
  },
  "prayer": {
    "ot_term": "תְּפִלָּה",
    "ot_transliteration": "Tefillah",
    "ot_meaning": "Prayer, intercession",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>tefillah</strong> (תְּפִלָּה) means prayer or intercession—communion with God through petition and praise. Solomon's temple was to be 'a house of prayer for all people' (Isaiah 56:7).",
    "nt_term": "προσευχή",
    "nt_transliteration": "Proseuche",
    "nt_meaning": "Prayer, petition",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>proseuche</strong> (προσευχή) denotes prayer—communication with God. Believers are exhorted to 'pray without ceasing' (1 Thessalonians 5:17) and 'in everything by prayer and supplication' present requests to God (Philippians 4:6)."
  },
  "praise": {
    "ot_term": "הָלַל",
    "ot_transliteration": "Halal",
    "ot_meaning": "To praise, celebrate",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>halal</strong> (הָלַל) means to praise or celebrate boisterously—the root of 'Hallelujah' (praise YHWH). The Psalms overflow with calls to praise God for His character and works.",
    "nt_term": "αἰνέω",
    "nt_transliteration": "Aineo",
    "nt_meaning": "To praise, extol",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>aineo</strong> (αἰνέω) means to praise or extol—expressing admiration and gratitude. The early church devoted themselves to 'praising God' (Acts 2:47) continually."
  },
  "temple": {
    "ot_term": "הֵיכָל",
    "ot_transliteration": "Heikhal",
    "ot_meaning": "Temple, palace",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>heikhal</strong> (הֵיכָל) denotes God's temple or palace—the sacred dwelling place where God's presence resided. Solomon's temple was the center of Israel's worship until its destruction.",
    "nt_term": "ναός",
    "nt_transliteration": "Naos",
    "nt_meaning": "Temple, sanctuary",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>naos</strong> (ναός) means temple or inner sanctuary. Paul declares believers are 'the temple of the living God' (2 Corinthians 6:16), individually (1 Corinthians 6:19) and corporately as the church."
  },
  "altar": {
    "ot_term": "מִזְבֵּחַ",
    "ot_transliteration": "Mizbeach",
    "ot_meaning": "Altar, place of sacrifice",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>mizbeach</strong> (מִזְבֵּחַ) means altar—from the root 'to slaughter.' Altars were places where sacrifices were offered to God, pointing forward to Christ's ultimate sacrifice.",
    "nt_term": "θυσιαστήριον",
    "nt_transliteration": "Thusiastērion",
    "nt_meaning": "Altar",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>thusiastērion</strong> (θυσιαστήριον) denotes an altar for sacrifice. Hebrews 13:10 declares 'We have an altar' from which temple priests cannot eat—referring to Christ's sacrifice outside the camp."
  },
  "priest": {
    "ot_term": "כֹּהֵן",
    "ot_transliteration": "Kohen",
    "ot_meaning": "Priest",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>kohen</strong> (כֹּהֵן) denotes a priest—one who mediates between God and people through sacrifices and intercession. Aaron and his descendants served as Israel's priests, foreshadowing Christ the Great High Priest.",
    "nt_term": "ἱερεύς",
    "nt_transliteration": "Hiereus",
    "nt_meaning": "Priest",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>hiereus</strong> (ἱερεύς) means priest. Christ is our eternal High Priest (Hebrews 4:14) after the order of Melchizedek, and believers form a 'royal priesthood' (1 Peter 2:9)."
  },
  "angel": {
    "ot_term": "מַלְאָךְ",
    "ot_transliteration": "Mal'akh",
    "ot_meaning": "Angel, messenger",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>mal'akh</strong> (מַלְאָךְ) means angel or messenger—a heavenly being sent by God. Angels serve as God's messengers, worship Him, and minister to believers (Hebrews 1:14).",
    "nt_term": "ἄγγελος",
    "nt_transliteration": "Angelos",
    "nt_meaning": "Angel, messenger",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>angelos</strong> (ἄγγελος) means angel or messenger. Angels announced Christ's birth (Luke 2:9-14), ministered to Him (Matthew 4:11), and will accompany His return (Matthew 25:31)."
  },
  "heaven": {
    "ot_term": "שָׁמַיִם",
    "ot_transliteration": "Shamayim",
    "ot_meaning": "Heaven, sky",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>shamayim</strong> (שָׁמַיִם) means heaven or sky—God's dwelling place and the realm above earth. 'The heaven, even the heavens, are the LORD's' (Psalm 115:16), yet 'the heaven of heavens cannot contain Him' (1 Kings 8:27).",
    "nt_term": "οὐρανός",
    "nt_transliteration": "Ouranos",
    "nt_meaning": "Heaven, sky",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>ouranos</strong> (οὐρανός) denotes heaven—God's throne and the believer's eternal home. Jesus taught His disciples to pray 'Our Father which art in heaven' (Matthew 6:9) and promised to prepare a place there (John 14:2)."
  },
  "earth": {
    "ot_term": "אֶרֶץ",
    "ot_transliteration": "Eretz",
    "ot_meaning": "Earth, land",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>eretz</strong> (אֶרֶץ) means earth or land—the physical world God created. 'The earth is the LORD's, and the fulness thereof' (Psalm 24:1), given to humanity as stewards.",
    "nt_term": "γῆ",
    "nt_transliteration": "Gē",
    "nt_meaning": "Earth, land",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>gē</strong> (γῆ) denotes earth or land. While believers are 'strangers and pilgrims on the earth' (Hebrews 11:13), they await 'new heavens and a new earth' (2 Peter 3:13) where righteousness dwells."
  },
  "soul": {
    "ot_term": "נֶפֶשׁ",
    "ot_transliteration": "Nephesh",
    "ot_meaning": "Soul, life, self",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>nephesh</strong> (נֶפֶשׁ) denotes the soul or life—the immaterial essence of a person. It represents the whole person, their desires, emotions, and will. God breathed into man and he became 'a living soul' (Genesis 2:7).",
    "nt_term": "ψυχή",
    "nt_transliteration": "Psuche",
    "nt_meaning": "Soul, life, self",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>psuche</strong> (ψυχή) means soul or life—the seat of emotions and will. Jesus asked, 'What shall it profit a man, if he shall gain the whole world, and lose his own soul?' (Mark 8:36)."
  },
  "heart": {
    "ot_term": "לֵב",
    "ot_transliteration": "Lev",
    "ot_meaning": "Heart, mind, will",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>lev</strong> (לֵב) denotes the heart—the center of thought, emotion, and will. God commanded Israel to 'love the LORD thy God with all thine heart' (Deuteronomy 6:5), and He promised a 'new heart' (Ezekiel 36:26).",
    "nt_term": "καρδία",
    "nt_transliteration": "Kardia",
    "nt_meaning": "Heart, mind, inner self",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>kardia</strong> (καρδία) means heart—the inner person, seat of thoughts and affections. 'Out of the abundance of the heart the mouth speaketh' (Matthew 12:34), and believers must guard their hearts (Proverbs 4:23)."
  },
  "flesh": {
    "ot_term": "בָּשָׂר",
    "ot_transliteration": "Basar",
    "ot_meaning": "Flesh, body",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>basar</strong> (בָּשָׂר) means flesh or body—humanity's physical, mortal nature. 'All flesh is grass' (Isaiah 40:6), emphasizing human frailty and mortality before the eternal God.",
    "nt_term": "σάρξ",
    "nt_transliteration": "Sarx",
    "nt_meaning": "Flesh, sinful nature",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>sarx</strong> (σάρξ) denotes flesh—both physical body and fallen human nature opposed to God. Paul contrasts walking 'after the flesh' versus 'after the Spirit' (Romans 8:4-5). The Word became flesh (John 1:14) in the incarnation."
  },
  "mind": {
    "nt_term": "νοῦς",
    "nt_transliteration": "Nous",
    "nt_meaning": "Mind, understanding",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>nous</strong> (νοῦς) means mind or understanding—the faculty of thought and perception. Believers are to be transformed by the 'renewing of your mind' (Romans 12:2) and have 'the mind of Christ' (1 Corinthians 2:16)."
  },
  "blessing": {
    "ot_term": "בְּרָכָה",
    "ot_transliteration": "Berakhah",
    "ot_meaning": "Blessing, prosperity",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>berakhah</strong> (בְּרָכָה) means blessing—divine favor bringing prosperity and well-being. God blessed Abraham to be a blessing (Genesis 12:2), and obedience brings blessing while disobedience brings curse (Deuteronomy 28).",
    "nt_term": "εὐλογία",
    "nt_transliteration": "Eulogia",
    "nt_meaning": "Blessing, praise",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>eulogia</strong> (εὐλογία) denotes blessing—divine favor or words of praise. Believers are blessed with 'all spiritual blessings in heavenly places in Christ' (Ephesians 1:3) and called to 'bless them which persecute you' (Romans 12:14)."
  },
  "hope": {
    "ot_term": "תִּקְוָה",
    "ot_transliteration": "Tikvah",
    "ot_meaning": "Hope, expectation",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>tikvah</strong> (תִּקְוָה) means hope or expectation—confident trust in God's promises. 'Happy is he that hath the God of Jacob for his help, whose hope is in the LORD his God' (Psalm 146:5).",
    "nt_term": "ἐλπίς",
    "nt_transliteration": "Elpis",
    "nt_meaning": "Hope, expectation",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>elpis</strong> (ἐλπίς) denotes hope—confident expectation of good. This hope is 'an anchor of the soul' (Hebrews 6:19), grounded in Christ's resurrection and the believer's future inheritance (1 Peter 1:3-4)."
  },
  "joy": {
    "ot_term": "שִׂמְחָה",
    "ot_transliteration": "Simchah",
    "ot_meaning": "Joy, gladness",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>simchah</strong> (שִׂמְחָה) means joy or gladness—deep delight in God. 'The joy of the LORD is your strength' (Nehemiah 8:10), and God's presence brings 'fulness of joy' (Psalm 16:11).",
    "nt_term": "χαρά",
    "nt_transliteration": "Chara",
    "nt_meaning": "Joy, gladness",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>chara</strong> (χαρά) denotes joy—deep spiritual gladness. This joy is a fruit of the Spirit (Galatians 5:22), independent of circumstances. Jesus promised that His joy would remain in believers, making their joy full (John 15:11)."
  },
  "fear": {
    "ot_term": "יִרְאָה",
    "ot_transliteration": "Yirah",
    "ot_meaning": "Fear, reverence",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>yirah</strong> (יִרְאָה) means fear or reverence—awe and respect before God. 'The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom' (Proverbs 9:10), combining reverent awe with trust in God's goodness.",
    "nt_term": "φόβος",
    "nt_transliteration": "Phobos",
    "nt_meaning": "Fear, reverence",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>phobos</strong> (φόβος) means fear—both terror and reverential awe. While perfect love casts out servile fear (1 John 4:18), believers are to 'fear God, and give glory to him' (Revelation 14:7) with holy reverence."
  },
  "prophet": {
    "ot_term": "נָבִיא",
    "ot_transliteration": "Navi",
    "ot_meaning": "Prophet, spokesman",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>navi</strong> (נָבִיא) means prophet—one who speaks God's word to the people. Prophets received divine revelation and declared God's message, often calling Israel to repentance and foretelling future events.",
    "nt_term": "προφήτης",
    "nt_transliteration": "Prophētēs",
    "nt_meaning": "Prophet",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>prophētēs</strong> (προφήτης) denotes a prophet—one who speaks forth God's message. Jesus was recognized as 'a prophet mighty in deed and word' (Luke 24:19), fulfilling and surpassing the prophetic office."
  },
  "apostle": {
    "nt_term": "ἀπόστολος",
    "nt_transliteration": "Apostolos",
    "nt_meaning": "Apostle, sent one",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>apostolos</strong> (ἀπόστολος) means apostle or sent one—an authorized messenger. The twelve apostles were chosen by Christ and empowered as His witnesses, laying the foundation of the church (Ephesians 2:20)."
  },
  "disciple": {
    "nt_term": "μαθητής",
    "nt_transliteration": "Mathētēs",
    "nt_meaning": "Disciple, learner",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>mathētēs</strong> (μαθητής) means disciple or learner—one who follows a teacher. Jesus called His followers to deny themselves, take up their cross, and follow Him (Matthew 16:24), learning from Him continually."
  },
  "law": {
    "ot_term": "תּוֹרָה",
    "ot_transliteration": "Torah",
    "ot_meaning": "Law, instruction",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>Torah</strong> (תּוֹרָה) means law or instruction—God's revealed will for His people. The Law includes moral, civil, and ceremonial commandments, revealing God's character and humanity's need for a Savior.",
    "nt_term": "νόμος",
    "nt_transliteration": "Nomos",
    "nt_meaning": "Law",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>nomos</strong> (νόμος) denotes law—particularly the Mosaic law. While believers are not under law but under grace (Romans 6:14), Christ fulfilled the law (Matthew 5:17) and wrote it on believers' hearts (Hebrews 8:10)."
  },
  "judgment": {
    "ot_term": "מִשְׁפָּט",
    "ot_transliteration": "Mishpat",
    "ot_meaning": "Judgment, justice",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>mishpat</strong> (מִשְׁפָּט) means judgment or justice—God's righteous decisions and ordinances. God is the Judge of all the earth who 'shall do right' (Genesis 18:25), executing perfect justice.",
    "nt_term": "κρίσις",
    "nt_transliteration": "Krisis",
    "nt_meaning": "Judgment, decision",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>krisis</strong> (κρίσις) denotes judgment—evaluation and sentence. All will stand before God's judgment seat (Romans 14:10), and Christ has been appointed Judge of the living and dead (Acts 10:42)."
  },
  "wrath": {
    "ot_term": "אַף",
    "ot_transliteration": "Aph",
    "ot_meaning": "Wrath, anger",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>aph</strong> (אַף) literally means 'nose' or 'nostrils,' idiomatically expressing wrath or anger—God's righteous indignation against sin. Yet God is 'slow to anger' (Exodus 34:6) and 'abundant in mercy.'",
    "nt_term": "ὀργή",
    "nt_transliteration": "Orgē",
    "nt_meaning": "Wrath, anger",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>orgē</strong> (ὀργή) means wrath—settled, righteous anger against sin. Believers are 'saved from wrath through him' (Romans 5:9), as Christ bore God's wrath on the cross, satisfying divine justice."
  },
  "resurrection": {
    "nt_term": "ἀνάστασις",
    "nt_transliteration": "Anastasis",
    "nt_meaning": "Resurrection, rising",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>anastasis</strong> (ἀνάστασις) means resurrection—rising from death to life. Christ's resurrection is the 'firstfruits' (1 Corinthians 15:20), guaranteeing believers' future bodily resurrection and victory over death."
  },
  "eternal": {
    "ot_term": "עוֹלָם",
    "ot_transliteration": "Olam",
    "ot_meaning": "Eternal, everlasting",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>olam</strong> (עוֹלָם) means eternal or everlasting—time stretching beyond human comprehension. God is the 'everlasting God' (Genesis 21:33), and His covenant love endures forever.",
    "nt_term": "αἰώνιος",
    "nt_transliteration": "Aiōnios",
    "nt_meaning": "Eternal, everlasting",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>aiōnios</strong> (αἰώνιος) denotes eternal or everlasting—unending duration. Believers possess 'eternal life' (John 3:16) now and will dwell with God eternally, while the impenitent face 'eternal punishment' (Matthew 25:46)."
  },
  "life": {
    "ot_term": "חַיִּים",
    "ot_transliteration": "Chayyim",
    "ot_meaning": "Life, living",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>chayyim</strong> (חַיִּים) means life—existence, vitality, and well-being. God is the source of all life, and He offers 'the fountain of life' (Psalm 36:9) to those who seek Him.",
    "nt_term": "ζωή",
    "nt_transliteration": "Zōē",
    "nt_meaning": "Life",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>zōē</strong> (ζωή) denotes life—particularly spiritual and eternal life. Jesus declared 'I am the way, the truth, and the life' (John 14:6) and came that believers 'might have life, and have it more abundantly' (John 10:10)."
  },
  "death": {
    "ot_term": "מָוֶת",
    "ot_transliteration": "Mavet",
    "ot_meaning": "Death",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>mavet</strong> (מָוֶת) means death—the cessation of physical life and separation from God. Death entered through sin (Genesis 2:17), but God promises deliverance: 'O death, I will be thy plagues' (Hosea 13:14).",
    "nt_term": "θάνατος",
    "nt_transliteration": "Thanatos",
    "nt_meaning": "Death",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>thanatos</strong> (θάνατος) denotes death—both physical death and spiritual separation from God. Christ conquered death through His resurrection, making death merely a transition for believers: 'to be absent from the body, and to be present with the Lord' (2 Corinthians 5:8)."
  },
  "blood": {
    "ot_term": "דָּם",
    "ot_transliteration": "Dam",
    "ot_meaning": "Blood",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>dam</strong> (דָּם) means blood—representing life itself. 'The life of the flesh is in the blood' (Leviticus 17:11), and blood was required for atonement, foreshadowing Christ's sacrifice.",
    "nt_term": "αἷμα",
    "nt_transliteration": "Haima",
    "nt_meaning": "Blood",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>haima</strong> (αἷμα) denotes blood. Christ's blood 'cleanseth us from all sin' (1 John 1:7), securing 'eternal redemption' (Hebrews 9:12) through His once-for-all sacrifice. Believers have been 'purchased with his own blood' (Acts 20:28)."
  },
  "power": {
    "ot_term": "כֹּחַ",
    "ot_transliteration": "Koach",
    "ot_meaning": "Power, strength",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>koach</strong> (כֹּחַ) means power or strength—ability to accomplish. God's power is infinite: 'Hast thou not known? hast thou not heard, that the everlasting God, the LORD, the Creator of the ends of the earth, fainteth not, neither is weary?' (Isaiah 40:28).",
    "nt_term": "δύναμις",
    "nt_transliteration": "Dunamis",
    "nt_meaning": "Power, ability",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>dunamis</strong> (δύναμις) denotes power or ability—the source of 'dynamite.' The gospel is 'the power of God unto salvation' (Romans 1:16), and believers receive power when the Holy Spirit comes upon them (Acts 1:8)."
  },
  "name": {
    "ot_term": "שֵׁם",
    "ot_transliteration": "Shem",
    "ot_meaning": "Name, reputation",
    "ot_note": "The Hebrew <strong>shem</strong> (שֵׁם) means name—representing character, authority, and reputation. God's name is holy (Leviticus 20:3), and He promised Abraham 'I will make thy name great' (Genesis 12:2).",
    "nt_term": "ὄνομα",
    "nt_transliteration": "Onoma",
    "nt_meaning": "Name, authority",
    "nt_note": "The Greek <strong>onoma</strong> (ὄνομα) denotes name or authority. At Jesus' name 'every knee should bow' (Philippians 2:10), and 'there is none other name under heaven given among men, whereby we must be saved' (Acts 4:12)."
  }
}