langchain/langchain/vectorstores/myscale.py

"""Wrapper around MyScale vector database."""
from __future__ import annotations

import json
import logging
from hashlib import sha1
from threading import Thread
from typing import Any, Dict, Iterable, List, Optional, Tuple

from pydantic import BaseSettings

from langchain.docstore.document import Document
from langchain.embeddings.base import Embeddings
from langchain.vectorstores.base import VectorStore

logger = logging.getLogger()


def has_mul_sub_str(s: str, *args: Any) -> bool:
    for a in args:
        if a not in s:
            return False
    return True


class MyScaleSettings(BaseSettings):
    """MyScale Client Configuration

    Attribute:
        myscale_host (str) : An URL to connect to MyScale backend.
                             Defaults to 'localhost'.
        myscale_port (int) : URL port to connect with HTTP. Defaults to 8443.
        username (str) : Username to login. Defaults to None.
        password (str) : Password to login. Defaults to None.
        index_type (str): index type string.
        index_param (dict): index build parameter.
        database (str) : Database name to find the table. Defaults to 'default'.
        table (str) : Table name to operate on.
                      Defaults to 'vector_table'.
        metric (str) : Metric to compute distance,
                       supported are ('l2', 'cosine', 'ip'). Defaults to 'cosine'.
        column_map (Dict) : Column type map to project column name onto langchain
                            semantics. Must have keys: `text`, `id`, `vector`,
                            must be same size to number of columns. For example:
                            .. code-block:: python

                                {
                                    'id': 'text_id',
                                    'vector': 'text_embedding',
                                    'text': 'text_plain',
                                    'metadata': 'metadata_dictionary_in_json',
                                }

                            Defaults to identity map.

    """

    host: str = "localhost"
    port: int = 8443

    username: Optional[str] = None
    password: Optional[str] = None

    index_type: str = "IVFFLAT"
    index_param: Optional[Dict[str, str]] = None

    column_map: Dict[str, str] = {
        "id": "id",
        "text": "text",
        "vector": "vector",
        "metadata": "metadata",
    }

    database: str = "default"
    table: str = "langchain"
    metric: str = "cosine"

    def __getitem__(self, item: str) -> Any:
        return getattr(self, item)

    class Config:
        env_file = ".env"
        env_prefix = "myscale_"
        env_file_encoding = "utf-8"


class MyScale(VectorStore):
    """Wrapper around MyScale vector database

    You need a `clickhouse-connect` python package, and a valid account
    to connect to MyScale.

    MyScale can not only search with simple vector indexes,
    it also supports complex query with multiple conditions,
    constraints and even sub-queries.

    For more information, please visit
        [myscale official site](https://docs.myscale.com/en/overview/)
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        embedding: Embeddings,
        config: Optional[MyScaleSettings] = None,
        **kwargs: Any,
    ) -> None:
        """MyScale Wrapper to LangChain

        embedding_function (Embeddings):
        config (MyScaleSettings): Configuration to MyScale Client
        Other keyword arguments will pass into
            [clickhouse-connect](https://docs.myscale.com/)
        """
        try:
            from clickhouse_connect import get_client
        except ImportError:
            raise ValueError(
                "Could not import clickhouse connect python package. "
                "Please install it with `pip install clickhouse-connect`."
            )
        try:
            from tqdm import tqdm

            self.pgbar = tqdm
        except ImportError:
            # Just in case if tqdm is not installed
            self.pgbar = lambda x: x
        super().__init__()
        if config is not None:
            self.config = config
        else:
            self.config = MyScaleSettings()
        assert self.config
        assert self.config.host and self.config.port
        assert (
            self.config.column_map
            and self.config.database
            and self.config.table
            and self.config.metric
        )
        for k in ["id", "vector", "text", "metadata"]:
            assert k in self.config.column_map
        assert self.config.metric in ["ip", "cosine", "l2"]

        # initialize the schema
        dim = len(embedding.embed_query("try this out"))

        index_params = (
            ", " + ",".join([f"'{k}={v}'" for k, v in self.config.index_param.items()])
            if self.config.index_param
            else ""
        )
        schema_ = f"""
            CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS {self.config.database}.{self.config.table}(
                {self.config.column_map['id']} String,
                {self.config.column_map['text']} String,
                {self.config.column_map['vector']} Array(Float32),
                {self.config.column_map['metadata']} JSON,
                CONSTRAINT cons_vec_len CHECK length(\
                    {self.config.column_map['vector']}) = {dim},
                VECTOR INDEX vidx {self.config.column_map['vector']} \
                    TYPE {self.config.index_type}(\
                        'metric_type={self.config.metric}'{index_params})
            ) ENGINE = MergeTree ORDER BY {self.config.column_map['id']}
        """
        self.dim = dim
        self.BS = "\\"
        self.must_escape = ("\\", "'")
        self.embedding_function = embedding.embed_query
        self.dist_order = "ASC" if self.config.metric in ["cosine", "l2"] else "DESC"

        # Create a connection to myscale
        self.client = get_client(
            host=self.config.host,
            port=self.config.port,
            username=self.config.username,
            password=self.config.password,
            **kwargs,
        )
        self.client.command("SET allow_experimental_object_type=1")
        self.client.command(schema_)

    def escape_str(self, value: str) -> str:
        return "".join(f"{self.BS}{c}" if c in self.must_escape else c for c in value)

    def _build_istr(self, transac: Iterable, column_names: Iterable[str]) -> str:
        ks = ",".join(column_names)
        _data = []
        for n in transac:
            n = ",".join([f"'{self.escape_str(str(_n))}'" for _n in n])
            _data.append(f"({n})")
        i_str = f"""
                INSERT INTO TABLE 
                    {self.config.database}.{self.config.table}({ks})
                VALUES
                {','.join(_data)}
                """
        return i_str

    def _insert(self, transac: Iterable, column_names: Iterable[str]) -> None:
        _i_str = self._build_istr(transac, column_names)
        self.client.command(_i_str)

    def add_texts(
        self,
        texts: Iterable[str],
        metadatas: Optional[List[dict]] = None,
        batch_size: int = 32,
        ids: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
        **kwargs: Any,
    ) -> List[str]:
        """Run more texts through the embeddings and add to the vectorstore.

        Args:
            texts: Iterable of strings to add to the vectorstore.
            ids: Optional list of ids to associate with the texts.
            batch_size: Batch size of insertion
            metadata: Optional column data to be inserted

        Returns:
            List of ids from adding the texts into the vectorstore.

        """
        # Embed and create the documents
        ids = ids or [sha1(t.encode("utf-8")).hexdigest() for t in texts]
        colmap_ = self.config.column_map

        transac = []
        column_names = {
            colmap_["id"]: ids,
            colmap_["text"]: texts,
            colmap_["vector"]: map(self.embedding_function, texts),
        }
        metadatas = metadatas or [{} for _ in texts]
        column_names[colmap_["metadata"]] = map(json.dumps, metadatas)
        assert len(set(colmap_) - set(column_names)) >= 0
        keys, values = zip(*column_names.items())
        try:
            t = None
            for v in self.pgbar(
                zip(*values), desc="Inserting data...", total=len(metadatas)
            ):
                assert len(v[keys.index(self.config.column_map["vector"])]) == self.dim
                transac.append(v)
                if len(transac) == batch_size:
                    if t:
                        t.join()
                    t = Thread(target=self._insert, args=[transac, keys])
                    t.start()
                    transac = []
            if len(transac) > 0:
                if t:
                    t.join()
                self._insert(transac, keys)
            return [i for i in ids]
        except Exception as e:
            logger.error(f"\033[91m\033[1m{type(e)}\033[0m \033[95m{str(e)}\033[0m")
            return []

    @classmethod
    def from_texts(
        cls,
        texts: List[str],
        embedding: Embeddings,
        metadatas: Optional[List[Dict[Any, Any]]] = None,
        config: Optional[MyScaleSettings] = None,
        text_ids: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
        batch_size: int = 32,
        **kwargs: Any,
    ) -> MyScale:
        """Create Myscale wrapper with existing texts

        Args:
            embedding_function (Embeddings): Function to extract text embedding
            texts (Iterable[str]): List or tuple of strings to be added
            config (MyScaleSettings, Optional): Myscale configuration
            text_ids (Optional[Iterable], optional): IDs for the texts.
                                                     Defaults to None.
            batch_size (int, optional): Batchsize when transmitting data to MyScale.
                                        Defaults to 32.
            metadata (List[dict], optional): metadata to texts. Defaults to None.
            Other keyword arguments will pass into
                [clickhouse-connect](https://clickhouse.com/docs/en/integrations/python#clickhouse-connect-driver-api)
        Returns:
            MyScale Index
        """
        ctx = cls(embedding, config, **kwargs)
        ctx.add_texts(texts, ids=text_ids, batch_size=batch_size, metadatas=metadatas)
        return ctx

    def __repr__(self) -> str:
        """Text representation for myscale, prints backends, username and schemas.
            Easy to use with `str(Myscale())`

        Returns:
            repr: string to show connection info and data schema
        """
        _repr = f"\033[92m\033[1m{self.config.database}.{self.config.table} @ "
        _repr += f"{self.config.host}:{self.config.port}\033[0m\n\n"
        _repr += f"\033[1musername: {self.config.username}\033[0m\n\nTable Schema:\n"
        _repr += "-" * 51 + "\n"
        for r in self.client.query(
            f"DESC {self.config.database}.{self.config.table}"
        ).named_results():
            _repr += (
                f"|\033[94m{r['name']:24s}\033[0m|\033[96m{r['type']:24s}\033[0m|\n"
            )
        _repr += "-" * 51 + "\n"
        return _repr

    def _build_qstr(
        self, q_emb: List[float], topk: int, where_str: Optional[str] = None
    ) -> str:
        q_emb_str = ",".join(map(str, q_emb))
        if where_str:
            where_str = f"PREWHERE {where_str}"
        else:
            where_str = ""

        q_str = f"""
            SELECT {self.config.column_map['text']}, 
                {self.config.column_map['metadata']}, dist
            FROM {self.config.database}.{self.config.table}
            {where_str}
            ORDER BY distance({self.config.column_map['vector']}, [{q_emb_str}]) 
                AS dist {self.dist_order}
            LIMIT {topk}
            """
        return q_str

    def similarity_search(
        self, query: str, k: int = 4, where_str: Optional[str] = None, **kwargs: Any
    ) -> List[Document]:
        """Perform a similarity search with MyScale

        Args:
            query (str): query string
            k (int, optional): Top K neighbors to retrieve. Defaults to 4.
            where_str (Optional[str], optional): where condition string.
                                                 Defaults to None.

            NOTE: Please do not let end-user to fill this and always be aware
                  of SQL injection. When dealing with metadatas, remember to
                  use `{self.metadata_column}.attribute` instead of `attribute`
                  alone. The default name for it is `metadata`.

        Returns:
            List[Document]: List of Documents
        """
        return self.similarity_search_by_vector(
            self.embedding_function(query), k, where_str, **kwargs
        )

    def similarity_search_by_vector(
        self,
        embedding: List[float],
        k: int = 4,
        where_str: Optional[str] = None,
        **kwargs: Any,
    ) -> List[Document]:
        """Perform a similarity search with MyScale by vectors

        Args:
            query (str): query string
            k (int, optional): Top K neighbors to retrieve. Defaults to 4.
            where_str (Optional[str], optional): where condition string.
                                                 Defaults to None.

            NOTE: Please do not let end-user to fill this and always be aware
                  of SQL injection. When dealing with metadatas, remember to
                  use `{self.metadata_column}.attribute` instead of `attribute`
                  alone. The default name for it is `metadata`.

        Returns:
            List[Document]: List of (Document, similarity)
        """
        q_str = self._build_qstr(embedding, k, where_str)
        try:
            return [
                Document(
                    page_content=r[self.config.column_map["text"]],
                    metadata=r[self.config.column_map["metadata"]],
                )
                for r in self.client.query(q_str).named_results()
            ]
        except Exception as e:
            logger.error(f"\033[91m\033[1m{type(e)}\033[0m \033[95m{str(e)}\033[0m")
            return []

    def similarity_search_with_relevance_scores(
        self, query: str, k: int = 4, where_str: Optional[str] = None, **kwargs: Any
    ) -> List[Tuple[Document, float]]:
        """Perform a similarity search with MyScale

        Args:
            query (str): query string
            k (int, optional): Top K neighbors to retrieve. Defaults to 4.
            where_str (Optional[str], optional): where condition string.
                                                 Defaults to None.

            NOTE: Please do not let end-user to fill this and always be aware
                  of SQL injection. When dealing with metadatas, remember to
                  use `{self.metadata_column}.attribute` instead of `attribute`
                  alone. The default name for it is `metadata`.

        Returns:
            List[Document]: List of documents most similar to the query text
            and cosine distance in float for each.
            Lower score represents more similarity.
        """
        q_str = self._build_qstr(self.embedding_function(query), k, where_str)
        try:
            return [
                (
                    Document(
                        page_content=r[self.config.column_map["text"]],
                        metadata=r[self.config.column_map["metadata"]],
                    ),
                    r["dist"],
                )
                for r in self.client.query(q_str).named_results()
            ]
        except Exception as e:
            logger.error(f"\033[91m\033[1m{type(e)}\033[0m \033[95m{str(e)}\033[0m")
            return []

    def drop(self) -> None:
        """
        Helper function: Drop data
        """
        self.client.command(
            f"DROP TABLE IF EXISTS {self.config.database}.{self.config.table}"
        )

    @property
    def metadata_column(self) -> str:
        return self.config.column_map["metadata"]