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Marc Poulin
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.. _install-windows:
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##############################
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Installing Python 2 on Windows
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##############################
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.. image:: /_static/photos/34435688560_4cc2a7bcbb_k_d.jpg
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.. note::
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Check out our :ref:`guide for installing Python 3 on Windows<install3-windows>`.
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First, download the `latest version <https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.15/python-2.7.15.msi>`_
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of Python 2.7 from the official website. If you want to be sure you are installing a fully
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up-to-date version, click the Downloads > Windows link from the home page of the
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`Python.org web site <http://python.org>`_ .
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The Windows version is provided as an MSI package. To install it manually, just
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double-click the file. The MSI package format allows Windows administrators to
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automate installation with their standard tools.
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By design, Python installs to a directory with the version number embedded,
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e.g. Python version 2.7 will install at :file:`C:\\Python27\\`, so that you can
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have multiple versions of Python on the
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same system without conflicts. Of course, only one interpreter can be the
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default application for Python file types. It also does not automatically
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modify the :envvar:`PATH` environment variable, so that you always have control over
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which copy of Python is run.
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Typing the full path name for a Python interpreter each time quickly gets
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tedious, so add the directories for your default Python version to the :envvar:`PATH`.
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Assuming that your Python installation is in :file:`C:\\Python27\\`, add this to your
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:envvar:`PATH`:
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.. code-block:: console
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C:\Python27\;C:\Python27\Scripts\
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You can do this easily by running the following in ``powershell``:
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.. code-block:: console
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[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("Path", "$env:Path;C:\Python27\;C:\Python27\Scripts\", "User")
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This is also an option during the installation process.
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The second (:file:`Scripts`) directory receives command files when certain
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packages are installed, so it is a very useful addition.
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You do not need to install or configure anything else to use Python. Having
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said that, I would strongly recommend that you install the tools and libraries
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described in the next section before you start building Python applications for
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real-world use. In particular, you should always install Setuptools, as it
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makes it much easier for you to use other third-party Python libraries.
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Setuptools + Pip
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----------------
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The two most crucial third-party Python packages are `setuptools <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools>`_ and `pip <https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/>`_.
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Once installed, you can download, install and uninstall any compliant Python software
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product with a single command. It also enables you to add this network installation
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capability to your own Python software with very little work.
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Python 2.7.9 and later (on the python2 series), and Python 3.4 and later include
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pip by default.
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To see if pip is installed, open a command prompt and run
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.. code-block:: console
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$ command -v pip
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To install pip, `follow the official pip installation guide <https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/installing/>`_ - this will automatically install the latest version of setuptools.
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Virtual Environments
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--------------------
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A Virtual Environment is a tool to keep the dependencies required by different projects
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in separate places, by creating virtual Python environments for them. It solves the
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"Project X depends on version 1.x but, Project Y needs 4.x" dilemma, and keeps
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your global site-packages directory clean and manageable.
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For example, you can work on a project which requires Django 1.10 while also
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maintaining a project which requires Django 1.8.
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To start using this and see more information: :ref:`Virtual Environments <virtualenvironments-ref>` docs.
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--------------------------------
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This page is a remixed version of `another guide <http://www.stuartellis.eu/articles/python-development-windows/>`_,
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which is available under the same license.
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