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Dave Forgac
70 lines
2.9 KiB
ReStructuredText
70 lines
2.9 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. _install-linux:
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Installing Python on Linux
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==========================
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The latest versions of CentOS, Fedora, Redhat Enterprise (RHEL) and Ubuntu **come with Python 2.7 out of the box**.
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To see which version of Python you have installed, open a command prompt and run
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.. code-block:: console
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$ python --version
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Some older versions of RHEL and CentOS come with Python 2.4 which is
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unacceptable for modern Python development. Fortunately, there are
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`Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux`_ which include high
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quality additional packages based on their Fedora counterparts. This
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repository contains a Python 2.6 package specifically designed to install
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side-by-side with the system's Python 2.4 installation.
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.. _Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/EPEL
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You do not need to install or configure anything else to use Python. Having
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said that, I would strongly recommend that you install the tools and libraries
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described in the next section before you start building Python applications
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for real-world use. In particular, you should always install Setuptools and pip, as
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it makes it much easier for you to use other third-party Python libraries.
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Setuptools & Pip
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----------------
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The two most crucial third-party Python packages are `setuptools <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools>`_ and `pip <https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/>`_.
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Once installed, you can download, install and uninstall any compliant Python software
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product with a single command. It also enables you to add this network installation
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capability to your own Python software with very little work.
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Python 2.7.9 and later (on the python2 series), and Python 3.4 and later include
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pip by default.
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To see if pip is installed, open a command prompt and run
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.. code-block:: console
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$ command -v pip
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To install pip, `follow the official pip installation guide <https://pip.pypa.io/en/latest/installing/>`_ - this will automatically install the latest version of setuptools.
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Virtual Environments
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--------------------
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A Virtual Environment is a tool to keep the dependencies required by different projects
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in separate places, by creating virtual Python environments for them. It solves the
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"Project X depends on version 1.x but, Project Y needs 4.x" dilemma, and keeps
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your global site-packages directory clean and manageable.
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For example, you can work on a project which requires Django 1.3 while also
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maintaining a project which requires Django 1.0.
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To start using and see more information: `Virtual Environments <http://github.com/kennethreitz/python-guide/blob/master/docs/dev/virtualenvs.rst>`_ docs.
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You can also use :ref:`virtualenvwrapper <virtualenvwrapper-ref>` to make it easier to
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manage your virtual environments.
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--------------------------------
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This page is a remixed version of `another guide <http://www.stuartellis.eu/articles/python-development-windows/>`_,
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which is available under the same license.
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