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87 lines
3.8 KiB
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.. _install-windows:
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Installing Python on Windows
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============================
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First, download the `latest version <https://www.python.org/ftp/python/2.7.10/python-2.7.10.msi>`_
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of Python 2.7 from the official Website. If you want to be sure you are installing a fully
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up-to-date version, click the Downloads > Windows link from the home page of the
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`Python.org web site <http://python.org>`_ .
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The Windows version is provided as an MSI package. To install it manually, just
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double-click the file. The MSI package format allows Windows administrators to
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automate installation with their standard tools.
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By design, Python installs to a directory with the version number embedded,
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e.g. Python version 2.7 will install at :file:`C:\\Python27\\`, so that you can
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have multiple versions of Python on the
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same system without conflicts. Of course, only one interpreter can be the
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default application for Python file types. It also does not automatically
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modify the :envvar:`PATH` environment variable, so that you always have control over
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which copy of Python is run.
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Typing the full path name for a Python interpreter each time quickly gets
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tedious, so add the directories for your default Python version to the :envvar:`PATH`.
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Assuming that your Python installation is in :file:`C:\\Python27\\`, add this to your
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:envvar:`PATH`:
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.. code-block:: console
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C:\Python27\;C:\Python27\Scripts\
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You can do this easily by running the following in ``powershell``:
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.. code-block:: console
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[Environment]::SetEnvironmentVariable("Path", "$env:Path;C:\Python27\;C:\Python27\Scripts\", "User")
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The second (:file:`Scripts`) directory receives command files when certain
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packages are installed, so it is a very useful addition.
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You do not need to install or configure anything else to use Python. Having
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said that, I would strongly recommend that you install the tools and libraries
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described in the next section before you start building Python applications for
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real-world use. In particular, you should always install Setuptools, as it
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makes it much easier for you to use other third-party Python libraries.
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Setuptools + Pip
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----------------
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The most crucial third-party Python software of all is Setuptools, which
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extends the packaging and installation facilities provided by the distutils in
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the standard library. Once you add Setuptools to your Python system you can
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download and install any compliant Python software product with a single
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command. It also enables you to add this network installation capability to
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your own Python software with very little work.
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To obtain the latest version of Setuptools for Windows, run the Python script
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available here: `ez_setup.py <https://bitbucket.org/pypa/setuptools/raw/bootstrap/ez_setup.py>`_
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You'll now have a new command available to you: **easy_install**. It is
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considered by many to be deprecated, so we will install its replacement:
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**pip**. Pip allows for uninstallation of packages, and is actively maintained,
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unlike easy_install.
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To install pip, run the Python script available here:
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`get-pip.py <https://raw.github.com/pypa/pip/master/contrib/get-pip.py>`_
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Virtual Environments
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--------------------
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A Virtual Environment is a tool to keep the dependencies required by different projects
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in separate places, by creating virtual Python environments for them. It solves the
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"Project X depends on version 1.x but, Project Y needs 4.x" dilemma, and keeps
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your global site-packages directory clean and manageable.
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For example, you can work on a project which requires Django 1.3 while also
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maintaining a project which requires Django 1.0.
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To start using this and see more information: :ref:`Virtual Environments <virtualenvironments-ref>` docs.
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--------------------------------
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This page is a remixed version of `another guide <http://www.stuartellis.eu/articles/python-development-windows/>`_,
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which is available under the same license.
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