mirror of
https://github.com/kennethreitz/requests-html.git
synced 2026-06-05 14:50:20 +00:00
319 lines
9.9 KiB
Python
319 lines
9.9 KiB
Python
import asyncio
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from urllib.parse import urlparse, urlunparse
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from concurrent.futures._base import TimeoutError
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from typing import Set
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import pyppeteer
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import requests
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from pyquery import PyQuery
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from fake_useragent import UserAgent
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from lxml import etree
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from lxml.html import HtmlElement
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from lxml.html.soupparser import fromstring
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from parse import search as parse_search
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from parse import findall, Result
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from w3lib.encoding import html_to_unicode
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DEFAULT_ENCODING = 'utf-8'
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DEFAULT_URL = 'https://example.org/'
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useragent = UserAgent()
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class BaseParser:
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"""A basic HTML/Element Parser, for Humans."""
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def __init__(self, *, element, default_encoding: str = None, html: str = None, url: str) -> None:
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self.element = element
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self.url = url
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self.skip_anchors = True
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self.default_encoding = default_encoding
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self._encoding = None
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self._html = html
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@property
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def html(self) -> str:
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"""Unicode representation of the HTML content."""
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if self._html:
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return self._html
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else:
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return etree.tostring(self.element, encoding='unicode').strip()
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@html.setter
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def set_html(self, html: str) -> None:
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"""Property setter for self.html."""
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self._html = html
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@property
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def encoding(self) -> str:
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"""The encoding string to be used, extracted from the HTML and
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:class:`HTMLResponse <HTMLResponse>` headers.
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"""
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if self._encoding:
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return self._encoding
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# Scan meta tags for chaset.
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if self._html:
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self._encoding = html_to_unicode(self.default_encoding, self.html.encode(DEFAULT_ENCODING))[0]
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return self._encoding if self._encoding else self.default_encoding
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@property
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def pq(self) -> PyQuery:
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"""PyQuery representation of the :class:`Element <Element>` or :class:`HTML <HTML>`."""
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return PyQuery(self.element)
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@property
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def lxml(self) -> HtmlElement:
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return fromstring(self.html)
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@property
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def text(self) -> str:
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"""The text content of the :class:`Element <Element>` or :class:`HTML <HTML>`."""
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return self.pq.text()
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@property
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def full_text(self) -> str:
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"""The full text content (including links) of the :class:`Element <Element>` or :class:`HTML <HTML>`.."""
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return self.lxml.text_content()
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def find(self, selector: str, first: bool = False, _encoding: str = None):
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"""Given a jQuery selector, returns a list of :class:`Element <Element>` objects.
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If ``first`` is ``True``, only returns the first :class:`Element <Element>` found."""
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def gen():
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for found in self.pq(selector):
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yield Element(element=found, url=self.url, default_encoding=_encoding or self.encoding)
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c = [g for g in gen()]
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if first:
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try:
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return c[0]
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except IndexError:
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return None
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else:
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return c
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def xpath(self, selector: str, first: bool = False, _encoding: str = None):
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"""Given an XPath selector, returns a list of :class:`Element <Element>` objects.
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If ``first`` is ``True``, only returns the first :class:`Element <Element>` found."""
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c = [Element(element=e, url=self.url, default_encoding=_encoding or self.encoding) for e in self.lxml.xpath(selector)]
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if first:
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try:
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return c[0]
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except IndexError:
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return None
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else:
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return c
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def search(self, template: str) -> Result:
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"""Searches the :class:`Element <Element>` for the given parse template."""
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return parse_search(template, self.html)
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def search_all(self, template: str) -> Result:
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"""Searches the :class:`Element <Element>` (multiple times) for the given parse
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template.
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"""
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return [r for r in findall(template, self.html)]
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@property
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def links(self) -> Set[str]:
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"""All found links on page, in as–is form."""
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def gen():
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for link in self.find('a'):
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try:
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href = link.attrs['href'].strip()
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if not href.startswith('#') and self.skip_anchors and href not in ['javascript:;']:
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if href:
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yield href
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except KeyError:
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pass
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return set(g for g in gen())
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@property
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def absolute_links(self) -> Set[str]:
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"""All found links on page, in absolute form."""
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def gen():
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for link in self.links:
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# Parse the link with stdlib.
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parsed = urlparse(link)._asdict()
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# Appears to be a relative link:
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if not parsed['netloc']:
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parsed['netloc'] = urlparse(self.base_url).netloc
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if not parsed['scheme']:
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parsed['scheme'] = urlparse(self.base_url).scheme
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# Re-construct URL, with new data.
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parsed = (v for v in parsed.values())
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href = urlunparse(parsed)
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yield href
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return set(g for g in gen())
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@property
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def base_url(self) -> str:
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"""The base URL for the page. Supports the ``<base>`` tag."""
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# Support for <base> tag.
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base = self.find('base', first=True)
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if base:
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return base.attrs['href'].strip()
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else:
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url = '/'.join(self.url.split('/')[:-1])
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if url.endswith('/'):
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url = url[:-1]
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return url
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class Element(BaseParser):
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"""An element of HTML."""
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def __init__(self, *, element, url, default_encoding) -> None:
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super(Element, self).__init__(element=element, url=url, default_encoding=default_encoding)
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self.element = element
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def __repr__(self) -> str:
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attrs = []
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for attr in self.attrs:
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attrs.append('{}={}'.format(attr, repr(self.attrs[attr])))
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return "<Element {} {}>".format(repr(self.element.tag), ' '.join(attrs))
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@property
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def attrs(self) -> dict:
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"""Returns a dictionary of the attributes of the class:`Element <Element>`."""
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attrs = {k: self.pq.attr[k].strip() for k in self.element.keys()}
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# Split class up, as there are ussually many of them:
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if 'class' in attrs:
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attrs['class'] = tuple(attrs['class'].split())
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return attrs
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class HTML(BaseParser):
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"""An HTML document, ready for parsing."""
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def __init__(self, *, url=DEFAULT_URL, html, default_encoding=DEFAULT_ENCODING) -> None:
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super(HTML, self).__init__(
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element=PyQuery(html)('html'),
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html=html,
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url=url,
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default_encoding=default_encoding
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)
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def __repr__(self) -> str:
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return "<HTML url={}>".format(repr(self.url))
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def render(self, retries: int = 8) -> None:
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"""Reloads the response in Chromium, and replaces HTML content
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with an updated version, with JavaScript executed.
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Warning: the first time you run this method, it will download
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Chromium into your home directory (``~/.pyppeteer``).
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"""
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async def _async_render(url: str):
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try:
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browser = pyppeteer.launch(headless=True)
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page = await browser.newPage()
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# Load the given page (GET request, obviously.)
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await page.goto(url)
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# Return the content of the page, JavaScript evaluated.
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return await page.content()
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except TimeoutError:
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return None
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loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
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content = None
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for i in range(retries):
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if not content:
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try:
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content = loop.run_until_complete(_async_render(url=self.url))
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except TimeoutError:
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pass
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html = HTML(url=self.url, html=content, default_encoding=DEFAULT_ENCODING)
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self.__dict__.update(html.__dict__)
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class HTMLResponse(requests.Response):
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"""An HTML-enabled :class:`Response <Response>` object.
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Same as Requests class:`Response <Response>` object, but with an
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intelligent ``.html`` property added.
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"""
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def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs) -> None:
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super(HTMLResponse, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
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self._html = None
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@property
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def html(self) -> HTML:
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if self._html:
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return self._html
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self._html = HTML(url=self.url, html=self.text, default_encoding=self.encoding)
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return self._html
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@classmethod
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def _from_response(cls, response):
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html_r = cls()
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html_r.__dict__.update(response.__dict__)
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return html_r
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def user_agent(style='chrome') -> str:
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"""Returns a random user-agent, if not requested one of a specific
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style. Defaults to a Chrome-style User-Agent.
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"""
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if not style:
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return useragent.random
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else:
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return useragent[style]
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class HTMLSession(requests.Session):
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"""A consumable session, for cookie persistence and connection pooling,
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amongst other things.
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"""
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def __init__(self, mock_browser=True, *args, **kwargs):
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super(HTMLSession, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
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# Mock a web browser's user agent.
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if mock_browser:
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self.headers['User-Agent'] = user_agent()
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self.hooks = {'response': self._handle_response}
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@staticmethod
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def _handle_response(response, **kwargs) -> HTMLResponse:
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"""Requests HTTP Response handler. Attaches .html property to Response
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objects.
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"""
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if not response.encoding:
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response.encoding = DEFAULT_ENCODING
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return response
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def request(self, *args, **kwargs) -> HTMLResponse:
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# Convert Request object into HTTPRequest object.
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r = super(HTMLSession, self).request(*args, **kwargs)
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html_r = HTMLResponse._from_response(r)
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return html_r
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