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markup fiddling
This commit is contained in:
Mark Pilgrim
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ mark{display:inline}
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>tree = etree.parse('examples/feed.xml')</kbd> <span class=u>②</span></a>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>root = tree.getroot()</kbd> <span class=u>③</span></a>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>root</kbd> <span class=u>④</span></a>
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<samp class=pp><Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}feed at cd1eb0></samp></pre>
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<samp><Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}feed at cd1eb0></samp></pre>
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<ol>
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<li>The ElementTree library is part of the Python standard library, in <code>xml.etree.ElementTree</code>.
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<li>The primary entry point for the ElementTree library is the <code>parse()</code> function, which can take a filename or a <a href=files.html#file-like-objects>file-like object</a>. This function parses the entire document at once. If memory is tight, there are ways to <a href=http://effbot.org/zone/element-iterparse.htm>parse an <abbr>XML</abbr> document incrementally instead</a>.
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@@ -277,13 +277,13 @@ mark{display:inline}
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<pre class=screen>
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# continued from the previous example
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>root.tag</kbd> <span class=u>①</span></a>
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<samp class=pp>'{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}feed'</samp>
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<samp>'{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}feed'</samp>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>len(root)</kbd> <span class=u>②</span></a>
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<samp class=pp>8</samp>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>for child in root:</kbd> <span class=u>③</span></a>
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<a><samp class=p>... </samp><kbd class=pp> print(child)</kbd> <span class=u>④</span></a>
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<samp class=p>... </samp>
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<samp class=pp><Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}title at e2b5d0>
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<samp><Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}title at e2b5d0>
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}subtitle at e2b4e0>
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}id at e2b6c0>
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}updated at e2b6f0>
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@@ -309,13 +309,13 @@ mark{display:inline}
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>root.attrib</kbd> <span class=u>①</span></a>
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<samp class=pp>{'{http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace}lang': 'en'}</samp>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>root[4]</kbd> <span class=u>②</span></a>
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<samp class=pp><Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at e181b0></samp>
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<samp><Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at e181b0></samp>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>root[4].attrib</kbd> <span class=u>③</span></a>
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<samp class=pp>{'href': 'http://diveintomark.org/',
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'type': 'text/html',
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'rel': 'alternate'}</samp>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>root[3]</kbd> <span class=u>④</span></a>
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<samp class=pp><Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}updated at e2b4e0></samp>
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<samp><Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}updated at e2b4e0></samp>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>root[3].attrib</kbd> <span class=u>⑤</span></a>
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<samp class=pp>{}</samp></pre>
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<ol>
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@@ -337,7 +337,7 @@ mark{display:inline}
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<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>tree = etree.parse('examples/feed.xml')</kbd>
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<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>root = tree.getroot()</kbd>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>root.findall('{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry')</kbd> <span class=u>①</span></a>
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<samp class=pp>[<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b4e0>,
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<samp>[<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b4e0>,
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b510>,
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b540>]</samp>
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<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>root.tag</kbd>
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@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ mark{display:inline}
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<pre class=screen>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>tree.findall('{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry')</kbd> <span class=u>①</span></a>
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<samp class=pp>[<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b4e0>,
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<samp>[<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b4e0>,
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b510>,
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b540>]</samp>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>tree.findall('{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}author')</kbd> <span class=u>②</span></a>
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@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ mark{display:inline}
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<pre class=screen>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>all_links = tree.findall('//{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link')</kbd> <span class=u>①</span></a>
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<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>all_links</kbd>
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<samp class=pp>[<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at e181b0>,
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<samp>[<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at e181b0>,
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at e2b570>,
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at e2b480>,
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at e2b5a0>]</samp>
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@@ -426,13 +426,13 @@ mark{display:inline}
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# continuing from the previous example
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>it = tree.getiterator('{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link')</kbd> <span class=u>①</span></a>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>next(it)</kbd> <span class=u>②</span></a>
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at 122f1b0>
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<samp><Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at 122f1b0></samp>
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<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>next(it)</kbd>
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at 122f1e0>
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<samp><Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at 122f1e0></samp>
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<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>next(it)</kbd>
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at 122f210>
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<samp><Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at 122f210></samp>
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<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>next(it)</kbd>
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at 122f1b0>
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<samp><Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at 122f1b0></samp>
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<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>next(it)</kbd>
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<samp class=traceback>Traceback (most recent call last):
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File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
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@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ StopIteration</samp></pre>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>tree = etree.parse('examples/feed.xml')</kbd> <span class=u>②</span></a>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>root = tree.getroot()</kbd> <span class=u>③</span></a>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>root.findall('{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry')</kbd> <span class=u>④</span></a>
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<samp class=pp>[<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b4e0>,
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<samp>[<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b4e0>,
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b510>,
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b540>]</samp></pre>
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<ol>
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@@ -478,15 +478,15 @@ except ImportError:
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>import lxml.etree</kbd> <span class=u>①</span></a>
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<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>tree = lxml.etree.parse('examples/feed.xml')</kbd>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>tree.findall('//{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}*[@href]')</kbd> <span class=u>②</span></a>
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[<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at eeb8a0>,
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<samp>[<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at eeb8a0>,
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at eeb990>,
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at eeb960>,
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at eeb9c0>]
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at eeb9c0>]</samp>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>tree.findall("//{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}*[@href='http://diveintomark.org/']")</kbd> <span class=u>③</span></a>
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<samp class=pp>[<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at eeb930>]</samp>
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<samp>[<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}link at eeb930>]</samp>
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<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>NS = '{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}'</kbd>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>tree.findall('//{NS}author[{NS}uri]'.format(NS=NS))</kbd> <span class=u>④</span></a>
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<samp class=pp>[<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}author at eeba80>,
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<samp>[<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}author at eeba80>,
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<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}author at eebba0>]</samp></pre>
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<ol>
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<li>In this example, I’m going to <code>import lxml.etree</code> (instead of, say, <code>from lxml import etree</code>), to emphasize that these features are specific to <code>lxml</code>.
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@@ -504,7 +504,7 @@ except ImportError:
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>entries = tree.xpath("//atom:category[@term='accessibility']/..",</kbd> <span class=u>②</span></a>
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<samp class=p>... </samp><kbd class=pp> namespaces=NSMAP)</kbd>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>entries</kbd> <span class=u>③</span></a>
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<samp class=pp>[<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b630>]</samp>
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<samp>[<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}entry at e2b630>]</samp>
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<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>entry = entries[0]</kbd>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>entry.xpath('./atom:title/text()', namespaces=nsmap)</kbd> <span class=u>④</span></a>
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<samp class=pp>['Accessibility is a harsh mistress']</samp></pre>
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@@ -633,7 +633,7 @@ lxml.etree.XMLSyntaxError: Entity 'hellip' not defined, line 3, column 28</samp>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>parser.error_log</kbd> <span class=u>③</span></a>
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<samp>examples/feed-broken.xml:3:28:FATAL:PARSER:ERR_UNDECLARED_ENTITY: Entity 'hellip' not defined</samp>
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<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>tree.findall('{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}title')</kbd>
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<samp class=pp>[<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}title at ead510>]</samp>
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<samp>[<Element {http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}title at ead510>]</samp>
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<samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>title = tree.findall('{http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom}title')[0]</kbd>
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<a><samp class=p>>>> </samp><kbd class=pp>title.text</kbd> <span class=u>④</span></a>
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<samp class=pp>'dive into '</samp>
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