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https://github.com/kennethreitz/dive-into-python3.git
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Mark Pilgrim
1278 lines
26 KiB
HTML
1278 lines
26 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
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<html lang="en">
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<head>
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<meta charset="utf-8">
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<title>Porting code to Python 3 with 2to3 - Dive into Python 3</title>
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<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="dip3.css">
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<style type="text/css">
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body{counter-reset:h1 18}
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</style>
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</head>
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<body>
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<h1>Porting code to Python 3 with <code>2to3</code></h1>
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<ol class="toc">
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<li><a href="#divingin">Diving in</a></li>
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<li><a href="#print"><code>print</code> statement</a></li>
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<li><a href="#ne"><> comparison</a></li>
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<li><a href="#has_key"><code>has_key()</code> dictionary method</a></li>
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<li><a href="#dict">Dictionary methods</a></li>
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<li><a href="#filter"><code>filter()</code> global function</a></li>
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<li><a href="#map"><code>map()</code> global function</a></li>
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<li><a href="#apply"><code>apply()</code> global function</a></li>
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<li><a href="#intern"><code>intern()</code> global function</a></li>
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<li><a href="#exec"><code>exec</code> statement</a></li>
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<li><a href="#repr"><code>repr</code> literals (backticks)</a></li>
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<li><a href="#except"><code>try...except</code> statement</a></li>
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<li><a href="#raise"><code>raise</code> statement</a></li>
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<li><a href="#throw"><code>throw</code> statement</a></li>
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<li><a href="#long"><code>long</code> data type</a></li>
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<li><a href="#xrange"><code>xrange()</code> global function</a></li>
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<li><a href="#raw_input"><code>raw_input()</code> global function</a></li>
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<li><a href="#input"><code>input()</code> global method</a></li>
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<li><a href="#funcattrs"><code>func_*</code> function attributes</a></li>
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<li><a href="#xreadlines"><code>xreadlines()</code> I/O method</a></li>
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<li><a href="#imports">imports</a></li>
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<li><a href="#tuple_params"><code>lambda</code> functions with multiple parameters</a></li>
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<li><a href="#methodattrs"><code>__class__</code> special class attribute</a></li>
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<li><a href="#next"><code>next()</code> iterator method</a></li>
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<li><a href="#nonzero"><code>__nonzero__</code> special class attribute</a></li>
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<li><a href="#numliterals">Number literals</a></li>
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<li><a href="#renames"><code>sys.maxint</code></a></li>
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<li><a href="#unicode"><code>unicode()</code> global function</a></li>
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<li><a href="#unicodeliteral">Unicode string literals</a></li>
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<li><a href="#callable"><code>callable()</code> global function</a></li>
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<li><a href="#zip"><code>zip()</code> global function</a></li>
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<li><a href="#standarderror"><code>StandardError()</code> exception</a></li>
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<li><a href="#types"><code class="filename">types</code> module constants</a></li>
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<li><a href="#basestring"><code>basestring</code> datatype</a></li>
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<li><a href="#itertools"><code class="filename">itertools</code> module</a></li>
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<li><a href="#import">Relative imports</a></li>
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<li><a href="#sys_exc"><code>sys.exc_type</code>, <code>sys.exc_value</code>, <code>sys.exc_traceback</code></a></li>
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<li><a href="#paren">List comprehensions over tuples</a></li>
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<li><a href="#getcwdu"><code>os.getcwdu()</code> function</a></li>
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<li><a href="#metaclass">Metaclasses</a></li>
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<li><a href="#set_literal"><code>set()</code> literals</a></li>
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<li><a href="#buffer"><code>buffer()</code> global function</a></li>
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<li><a href="#wscomma">Whitespace around commas</a></li>
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<li><a href="#idioms">Common idioms</a></li>
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</ol>
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<section>
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<h2 id="divingin">Diving in</h2>
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<p class="fancy">FIXME intro</p>
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<p>...</p>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2 id="print"><code>print</code> statement</h2>
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<p>FIXME intro</p>
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<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcompareprint">skip over this table</a></p>
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<table id="compareprint">
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<tr>
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<th class="notes">Notes</th>
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<th class="python2">Python 2</th>
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<th class="python3">Python 3</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>①</th>
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<td><code>print</code></td>
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<td><code>print()</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<tr>
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<th>②</th>
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<td><code>print 1</code></td>
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<td><code>print(1)</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>③</th>
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<td><code>print 1, 2</code></td>
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<td><code>print(1, 2)</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>④</th>
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<td><code>print 1, 2,</code></td>
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<td><code>print(1, 2, end=' ')</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>⑤</th>
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<td><code>print >>sys.stderr, 1, 2, 3</code></td>
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<td><code>print(1, 2, 3, file=sys.stderr)</code></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p id="skipcompareprint">...</p>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2 id="ne"><> comparison</h2>
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<p>FIXME intro</p>
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<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparene">skip over this table</a></p>
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<table>
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<tr>
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<th>Notes</th>
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<th>Python 2</th>
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<th>Python 3</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>①</th>
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<td><code>if x <> y:</code></td>
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<td><code>if x != y:</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>②</th>
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<td><code>if x <> y <> z:</code></td>
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<td><code>if x != y != z:</code></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p id="skipcomparene">...</p>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2 id="has_key"><code>has_key()</code> dictionary method</h2>
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<p>FIXME intro</p>
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<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparehas_key">skip over this table</a></p>
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<table id="comparehas_key">
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<tr>
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<th>Notes</th>
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<th>Python 2</th>
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<th>Python 3</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>①</th>
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<td><code>aDictionary.has_key("PapayaWhip")</code></td>
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<td><code>"PapayaWhip" in aDictionary</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>②</th >
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<td><code>aDictionary.has_key(x) or aDictionary.has_key(y)</code></td>
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<td><code>x in aDictionary or y in aDictionary</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>③</th>
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<td><code>aDictionary.has_key(x + y)</code></td>
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<td><code>(x + y) in aDictionary</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>④</th>
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<td><code>x + aDictionary.has_key(y)</code></td>
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<td><code>x + (y in aDictionary)</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>⑤</th>
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<td><code>aDictionary.has_key(x or y)</code></td>
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<td><code>(x or y) in aDictionary</code></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p id="skipcomparehas_key">...</p>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2 id="dict">Dictionary methods</h2>
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<p>FIXME intro</p>
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<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparedict">skip over this table</a></p>
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<table id="comparedict">
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<tr>
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<th>Notes</th>
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<th>Python 2</th>
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<th>Python 3</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>①</th>
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<td><code>aDictionary.keys()</code></td>
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<td><code>list(aDictionary.keys())</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>②</th>
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<td><code>aDictionary.items()</code></td>
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<td><code>list(aDictionary.items())</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>③</th>
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<td><code>aDictionary.iterkeys()</code></td>
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<td><code>iter(aDictionary.keys())</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>④</th>
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<td><code>[i for i in aDictionary.iterkeys()]</code></td>
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<td><code>[i for i in aDictionary.keys()]</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>⑤</th>
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<td><code>min(aDictionary.keys())</code></td>
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<td><code><i>no change</i></code></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p id="skipcomparedict">...</p>
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<!--
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5. consuming_calls = set(["sorted", "list", "set", "any", "all", "tuple", "sum",
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"min", "max"])
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-->
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2 id="filter"><code>filter()</code> global function</h2>
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<p>FIXME intro</p>
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<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparefilter">skip over this table</a></p>
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<table id="comparefilter">
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<tr>
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<th>Notes</th>
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<th>Python 2</th>
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<th>Python 3</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>①</th>
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<td><code>filter(aFunction, aList)</code></td>
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<td><code>list(filter(aFunction, aList))</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>②</th>
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<td><code>list(filter(aFunction, aList))</code></td>
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<td><code><i>no change</i></code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>③</th>
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<td><code>filter(None, aList)</code></td>
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<td><code>[i for i in aList if i]</code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>④</th>
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<td><code>for i in filter(None, aList)</code></td>
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<td><code><i>no change</i></code></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>⑤</th>
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<td><code>[i for i in filter(aFunction, aList)]</code></td>
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<td><code><i>no change</i></code></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p id="skipcomparefilter">...</p>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2 id="map"><code>map()</code> global function</h2>
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<p>FIXME intro</p>
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<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparemap">skip over this table</a></p>
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<table id="comparemap">
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<tr>
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<th>Notes</th>
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<th>Python 2</th>
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<th>Python 3</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>①</th>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p id="skipcomparemap">...</p>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2 id="apply"><code>apply()</code> global function</h2>
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<p>FIXME intro</p>
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<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcompareapply">skip over this table</a></p>
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<table id="compareapply">
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<tr>
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<th>Notes</th>
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<th>Python 2</th>
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<th>Python 3</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>①</th>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p id="skipcompareapply">...</p>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2 id="intern"><code>intern()</code> global function</h2>
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<p>FIXME intro</p>
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<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcompareintern">skip over this table</a></p>
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<table id="compareintern">
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<tr>
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<th>Notes</th>
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<th>Python 2</th>
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<th>Python 3</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>①</th>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p id="skipcompareintern">...</p>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2 id="exec"><code>exec</code> statement</h2>
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<p>FIXME intro</p>
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<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcompareexec">skip over this table</a></p>
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<table id="compareexec">
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<tr>
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<th>Notes</th>
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<th>Python 2</th>
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<th>Python 3</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>①</th>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p id="skipcompareexec">...</p>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2 id="repr"><code>repr</code> literals (backticks)</h2>
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<p>FIXME intro</p>
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<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparerepr">skip over this table</a></p>
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<table id="comparerepr">
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<tr>
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<th>Notes</th>
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<th>Python 2</th>
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<th>Python 3</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>①</th>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p id="skipcomparerepr">...</p>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2 id="except"><code>try...except</code> statement</h2>
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<p>FIXME intro</p>
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<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcompareexcept">skip over this table</a></p>
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<table id="compareexcept">
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<tr>
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<th>Notes</th>
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<th>Python 2</th>
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<th>Python 3</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>①</th>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p id="skipcompareexcept">...</p>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2 id="raise"><code>raise</code> statement</h2>
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<p>FIXME intro</p>
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<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcompareraise">skip over this table</a></p>
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<table id="compareraise">
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<tr>
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<th>Notes</th>
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<th>Python 2</th>
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<th>Python 3</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>①</th>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p id="skipcompareraise">...</p>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2 id="throw"><code>throw</code> statement</h2>
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<p>FIXME intro</p>
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<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparethrow">skip over this table</a></p>
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<table id="comparethrow">
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<tr>
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<th>Notes</th>
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<th>Python 2</th>
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<th>Python 3</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>①</th>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p id="skipcomparethrow">...</p>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2 id="long"><code>long</code> data type</h2>
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<p>FIXME intro</p>
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<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparelong">skip over this table</a></p>
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<table id="comparelong">
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<tr>
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<th>Notes</th>
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<th>Python 2</th>
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<th>Python 3</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>①</th>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
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</tr>
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</table>
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<p id="skipcomparelong">...</p>
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</section>
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<section>
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<h2 id="xrange"><code>xrange()</code> global function</h2>
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<p>FIXME intro</p>
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<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparexrange">skip over this table</a></p>
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<table id="comparexrange">
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<tr>
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<th>Notes</th>
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<th>Python 2</th>
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<th>Python 3</th>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<th>①</th>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
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<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcomparexrange">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="raw_input"><code>raw_input()</code> global function</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcompareraw_input">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="compareraw_input">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcompareraw_input">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="input"><code>input()</code> global method</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcompareinput">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="compareinput">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcompareinput">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="funcattrs"><code>func_*</code> function attributes</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparefuncattrs">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="comparefuncattrs">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcomparefuncattrs">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="xreadlines"><code>xreadlines()</code> I/O method</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparexreadlines">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="comparexreadlines">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcomparexreadlines">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="imports">imports</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
<p>this includes fixer_imports, fixer_imports2, fixer_urllib</p>
|
|
<table>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="tuple_params"><code>lambda</code> functions with multiple parameters</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparetuple_params">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="comparetuple_params">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcomparetuple_params">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="methodattrs"><code>__class__</code> special class attribute</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparemethodattrs">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="comparemethodattrs">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcomparemethodattrs">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="next"><code>next()</code> iterator method</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparenext">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="comparenext">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcomparenext">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="nonzero"><code>__nonzero__</code> special class attribute</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparenonzero">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="comparenonzero">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcomparenonzero">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="numliterals">Number literals</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparenumliterals">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="comparenumliterals">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcomparenumliterals">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="renames"><code>sys.maxint</code></h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparerenames">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="comparerenames">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcomparerenames">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="unicode"><code>unicode()</code> global function</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcompareunicode">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="compareunicode">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcompareunicode">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="unicodeliteral">Unicode string literals</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcompareunicodeliteral">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="compareunicodeliteral">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcompareunicodeliteral">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="callable"><code>callable()</code> global function</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparecallable">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="comparecallable">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcomparecallable">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="zip"><code>zip()</code> global function</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparezip">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="comparezip">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcomparezip">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="standarderror"><code>StandardError()</code> exception</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparestandarderror">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="comparestandarderror">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcomparestandarderror">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="types"><code class="filename">types</code> module constants</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparetypes">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="comparetypes">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcomparetypes">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="basestring"><code>basestring</code> datatype</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparebasestring">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="comparebasestring">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcomparebasestring">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="itertools"><code class="filename">itertools</code> module</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
<p>this includes fixer_itertools, fixer_itertools_imports
|
|
<table>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="import">Relative imports</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcompareimport">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="compareimport">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcompareimport">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="sys_exc"><code>sys.exc_type</code>, <code>sys.exc_value</code>, <code>sys.exc_traceback</code></h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparesys_exc">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="comparesys_exc">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcomparesys_exc">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="paren">List comprehensions over tuples</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcompareparen">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="compareparen">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcompareparen">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="getcwdu"><code>os.getcwdu()</code> function</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparegetcwdu">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="comparegetcwdu">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcomparegetcwdu">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="metaclass">Metaclasses</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparemetaclass">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="comparemetaclass">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcomparemetaclass">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="set_literal"><code>set()</code> literals</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcompareset_literal">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="compareset_literal">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcompareset_literal">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="buffer"><code>buffer()</code> global function</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparebuffer">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="comparebuffer">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcomparebuffer">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="wscomma">Whitespace around commas</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcomparewscomma">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="comparewscomma">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcomparewscomma">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
<section>
|
|
<h2 id="idioms">Common idioms</h2>
|
|
|
|
<p>FIXME intro</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><a class="skip" href="#skipcompareidioms">skip over this table</a></p>
|
|
<table id="compareidioms">
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>Notes</th>
|
|
<th>Python 2</th>
|
|
<th>Python 3</th>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
<tr>
|
|
<th>①</th>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
<td><code>FIXME</code></td>
|
|
</tr>
|
|
</table>
|
|
|
|
<p id="skipcompareidioms">...</p>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html>
|
|
|
|
<!--
|
|
# Lib/lib2to3/tests/test_fixers.py
|
|
|
|
- <>
|
|
- has_key
|
|
- apply()
|
|
- intern()
|
|
- print
|
|
- exec()
|
|
- repr()
|
|
- except
|
|
- raise
|
|
- throw
|
|
- long()
|
|
- dict()
|
|
- xrange()
|
|
- raw_input()
|
|
- input()
|
|
- func_* attributes
|
|
- xreadlines()
|
|
- imports of modules that have been renamed:
|
|
# Lib/lib2to3/fixes/fix_imports.py
|
|
MAPPING = {'StringIO': 'io',
|
|
'cStringIO': 'io',
|
|
'cPickle': 'pickle',
|
|
'__builtin__' : 'builtins',
|
|
'copy_reg': 'copyreg',
|
|
'Queue': 'queue',
|
|
'SocketServer': 'socketserver',
|
|
'ConfigParser': 'configparser',
|
|
'repr': 'reprlib',
|
|
'FileDialog': 'tkinter.filedialog',
|
|
'tkFileDialog': 'tkinter.filedialog',
|
|
'SimpleDialog': 'tkinter.simpledialog',
|
|
'tkSimpleDialog': 'tkinter.simpledialog',
|
|
'tkColorChooser': 'tkinter.colorchooser',
|
|
'tkCommonDialog': 'tkinter.commondialog',
|
|
'Dialog': 'tkinter.dialog',
|
|
'Tkdnd': 'tkinter.dnd',
|
|
'tkFont': 'tkinter.font',
|
|
'tkMessageBox': 'tkinter.messagebox',
|
|
'ScrolledText': 'tkinter.scrolledtext',
|
|
'turtle': 'tkinter.turtle',
|
|
'Tkconstants': 'tkinter.constants',
|
|
'Tix': 'tkinter.tix',
|
|
'Tkinter': 'tkinter',
|
|
'markupbase': '_markupbase',
|
|
'_winreg': 'winreg',
|
|
'thread': '_thread',
|
|
'dummy_thread': '_dummy_thread',
|
|
# anydbm and whichdb are handled by fix_imports2
|
|
'dbhash': 'dbm.bsd',
|
|
'dumbdbm': 'dbm.dumb',
|
|
'dbm': 'dbm.ndbm',
|
|
'gdbm': 'dbm.gnu',
|
|
'xmlrpclib': 'xmlrpc.client',
|
|
'DocXMLRPCServer': 'xmlrpc.server',
|
|
'SimpleXMLRPCServer': 'xmlrpc.server',
|
|
'httplib': 'http.client',
|
|
'Cookie': 'http.cookies',
|
|
'cookielib': 'http.cookiejar',
|
|
'BaseHTTPServer': 'http.server',
|
|
'SimpleHTTPServer': 'http.server',
|
|
'CGIHTTPServer': 'http.server',
|
|
#'test.test_support': 'test.support',
|
|
'commands': 'subprocess',
|
|
'UserString' : 'collections',
|
|
'UserList' : 'collections',
|
|
'urlparse' : 'urllib.parse',
|
|
'robotparser' : 'urllib.robotparser',
|
|
}
|
|
- imports of urllib/urllib2
|
|
# Lib/lib2to3/fixes/fix_urllib.py
|
|
MAPPING = {'urllib': [
|
|
('urllib.request',
|
|
['URLOpener', 'FancyURLOpener', 'urlretrieve',
|
|
'_urlopener', 'urlcleanup']),
|
|
('urllib.parse',
|
|
['quote', 'quote_plus', 'unquote', 'unquote_plus',
|
|
'urlencode', 'pahtname2url', 'url2pathname']),
|
|
('urllib.error',
|
|
['ContentTooShortError'])],
|
|
'urllib2' : [
|
|
('urllib.request',
|
|
['urlopen', 'install_opener', 'build_opener',
|
|
'Request', 'OpenerDirector', 'BaseHandler',
|
|
'HTTPDefaultErrorHandler', 'HTTPRedirectHandler',
|
|
'HTTPCookieProcessor', 'ProxyHandler',
|
|
'HTTPPasswordMgr',
|
|
'HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm',
|
|
'AbstractBasicAuthHandler',
|
|
'HTTPBasicAuthHandler', 'ProxyBasicAuthHandler',
|
|
'AbstractDigestAuthHandler',
|
|
'HTTPDigestAuthHander', 'ProxyDigestAuthHandler',
|
|
'HTTPHandler', 'HTTPSHandler', 'FileHandler',
|
|
'FTPHandler', 'CacheFTPHandler',
|
|
'UnknownHandler']),
|
|
('urllib.error',
|
|
['URLError', 'HTTPError'])],
|
|
}
|
|
- tuple params (?!??!)
|
|
- __class__ special attribute
|
|
- __nonzero__ special method
|
|
- next()
|
|
- sys.maxint
|
|
- number literals
|
|
- Unicode string literals
|
|
- callable()
|
|
- filter()
|
|
- map()
|
|
- zip()
|
|
- StandardError()
|
|
- types module
|
|
- basestring type
|
|
- itertools functions
|
|
- itertools imports
|
|
- relative imports
|
|
- sys.exc_type, sys.exc_value, sys.exc_traceback
|
|
- list comprehensions over tuples
|
|
- os.getcwdu()
|
|
- metaclasses
|
|
- set literals (EXPLICIT)
|
|
- whitespace around commas (EXPLICIT)
|
|
- buffer() (EXPLICIT)
|
|
- common idioms (EXPLICIT)
|
|
- while 1
|
|
- type(X) == T, type(X) != T
|
|
- type(X) is T, type(X) is not T
|
|
- T is type(X), T is not type(X)
|
|
- list.sort()
|
|
-->
|